初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，初中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
來(lái)源：好上學(xué) ??時(shí)間：2023-07-24
初中的英語(yǔ)水平?jīng)Q定著你以后你的英語(yǔ)水平會(huì)發(fā)展到哪一個(gè)階段，在初中階段，很多學(xué)生都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些偏科，當(dāng)然有很多同學(xué)呢，他的英語(yǔ)就特別差，以至于會(huì)影響到自己的整體成績(jī)，今天專(zhuān)注教育小編就來(lái)和大家分享下初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納。
1.冠詞 a / an 的用法
a用于輔音音素前 a useful book, a university, a “u”
Once a week have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/ rest have a cold/ headache / fever /cough have a good time have a try in a hurry after a while keep a diary go for a walk in a minute in a word in a short while
an則用于元音音素前 an hour, an honest boy , an “A E F H I L M N O R S X”
keep an eye on
定冠詞the的用法：
1)特指雙方都明白的人或物： Give me the book.
2)上文提到過(guò)的人或事： ---Do you know the lady in blue? –Yes, she is a teacher of a university.
3)指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物the sun ( sky / moon/ earth/ world/ nature/ universe )
4)單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類(lèi)事物，如：the dollar 美元; The lion is a wild animal.或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類(lèi)人：the rich /poor/ blind/ aged / living / impossible
5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)，及形容詞only，very, same等前面：I live on the second floor.
6)用在表示身體部位的名詞前： She caught me by the arm.
7)用在表示樂(lè)器和表方位的名詞之前： She plays the piano violin??guitar in the north of China
8)用在普通名詞構(gòu)成專(zhuān)有名詞前： the People's Republic of China the United States the Great Wall the Summer Palace
9) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人：the Greens are playing the piano.
10) in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), in the middle (of), in the end, all the time at the same time on the whole, by the way, go to the cinema at he age of six at the beginning of the twenty-first century on the other side of at the moment the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country) in the dark, in the rain,
2.不用定冠詞的情況
1) 國(guó)名，人名前通常不用定冠詞：China , Europe 歐洲 Lei Feng 雷鋒
2)物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞表示一般概念時(shí)，通常不加冠詞;當(dāng)表示特定的意思時(shí)，需要加定冠詞Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。
3)在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、 假日、日期、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前，不加冠詞; Children’s Day Mother’s Day Father’s Day
4)在稱(chēng)呼或表示官銜，職位的名詞前不加冠詞; He is captain of the team.
5)在三餐、四季，球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)、學(xué)科、娛樂(lè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱(chēng)前，不加冠詞 如：have breakfast /supper / lunch，play basketball / football / volleyball / chess , in spring/summer/ autumn/ winter
6)當(dāng)by 與火車(chē)等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無(wú)冠詞;by bus/ train/ taxi/ bus/ ship
7)Day and night face to face side by side step by step watch TV at school / work / home at first/ last in danger in trouble on foot on duty on watch in bed on time in time go to school go to work by taxi / bike at noon at night on TV at town
3.部分詞組有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別
in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里
in front of 在---的前面in the front of 在----內(nèi)部的前面
go to school 上學(xué)go to the school 到學(xué)校去
a number of = a lot of 許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The number of ----的數(shù)目，----的總數(shù)， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))
名詞：專(zhuān)有名詞和普通名詞(個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞)
可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)①一般情況加s ②以s, x sh ch,等結(jié)尾的詞加-es bus-buses watch-watches ③以o 結(jié)尾的名詞，無(wú)生命的加s，如： photo---photos piano---pianos 有生命的es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes?、芤詅或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，去f, fe 加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves (加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs;)⑤以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y 為i，再加es baby---babies ⑥不規(guī)則：a. 單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣。Sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese. People, police, scissors, trousers b. 其他的。foot—feet tooth---teeth child—children mouse---mice man---men woman---women busines*an ---busines*en
German---Germans women doctors
集體名詞: People, police,(一般表示一個(gè)整體，謂用復(fù)數(shù)) class, family, glasses
不可數(shù)名詞：
常見(jiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞有：information, news, room (空間)， work, work, weather, advice, bread , food, milk, tea, ice, glasses, meat
?、貯 little, a bit of, some, much, a lot of, quite a lot of 常修飾不可數(shù)名詞.
?、诓豢蓴?shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
?、廴绻胊nd連接兩個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Time and money are-
?、蹵 cupglassottleoxkilogroup crowdclasspair of
Two and a half kilos of = two kilos and a half of
名詞所有格 在英語(yǔ)中有些名詞可以加"'s"來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱(chēng)為該名詞的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下：
1) 單數(shù)名詞詞尾加"'s"，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒(méi)有s，也要加" 's "，如the boy's bag，men's room Children’s Day Mother’s Day Father’s Day
2) 若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s ，只加" '"，如：Teachers’ Day ladies’ room twenty minutes’ walk
3) 凡不能加"'s"的名詞，都可以用"名詞+of +名詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字; A picture of family; a map of China
4) 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，如：the barber's 理發(fā)店。
5) 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有's，則表示"分別有";只有一個(gè)'s，則表示'共有'。 John's and Mary's room(兩間) John and Mary's room(一間)
6) 復(fù)合名詞或短語(yǔ)，'s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾。 如：a month or two's absence
7)雙重所有格 a friend of mine / hers / his / theirs a friend of Mary’s mother’s
代詞
1、人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞
I—me—my—mine—myself you —you—your—yourself (yourselves)
he—him—his—his—himself she—her—her—hers—herself
it—it—its—its—itself we—us—our—ours—ourselves
they—them—their—theirs—themselves
人稱(chēng)順序you, he, she, I ; we, you, they
主格作主語(yǔ);賓格作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞和介詞之后通常作賓格;形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用，通常放在名詞之前;名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞，“of+名詞性物主代詞”表示所屬關(guān)系。A friend of mine我的一位朋友; teacher of hers 她的老師
代詞it 的用法：
①指代前面提到過(guò)的事物②表天氣。③表距離。
④指嬰兒和不明身份的人。 ---John, someone in your class phoned you this morning. ---Oh, who was it?
?、萦米餍问街髡Z(yǔ)。
It’s kind / good / nice /clever /polite / foolish of sb. to do sth.
It’s important / necessary / possible / easy / difficult for sb to do sth,
It’s time to get up.
It’s time for lunch.
It’s one’s turn to do
It seems that
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
⑥用作形式賓語(yǔ)。Find / think / feel + it +adj +to do sth
It one 的區(qū)別
It 特指上文提到的同一對(duì)象，同一事物。
one同類(lèi)而不同一。
that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。
反身代詞
構(gòu)成規(guī)則：一、二物主，三為賓。
運(yùn)用：hurt/ teach/ wash / buy/ enjoy oneself
by / Help oneself (one selves) to --- / Look after oneself / Say to oneself / Come to oneself
2、不定代詞 little, a little, few, a few=several(some), some, any much, too much, much too, more then =over, less than= nearly
something 某事，某物，用于肯定句。注意：⑴由復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。Everyone is here.
?、菩揎棽欢ù~的形容詞后置。I have something important to tell you.
⑶在反意疑問(wèn)句中，表示人的復(fù)合代詞在陳述句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)用he或they，表物的用it 。
anything 任何事物，某事物，用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句。
everything 每件事，一切事物，用于各種句型。
nothing沒(méi)什么，沒(méi)有任何東西。=not ----any thing
somebody 某人，有人=someone
anybody 任何人(用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句，條件從句中)
nobody沒(méi)有人
little， 幾乎沒(méi)有，表示否定意思，用以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
A little ①一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，表示肯定，用以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Only a little 僅一點(diǎn)點(diǎn).②也可修飾形容詞和副詞。③一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，放在動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)后。
few幾乎沒(méi)有，表示否定意思，用以修飾可數(shù)名詞。
a few=several 幾個(gè)， 一些，表示肯定意思，用以修飾可數(shù)名詞。
some 一些，修飾可數(shù)名詞，后跟復(fù)數(shù)形式名詞或ones, 也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。在表示請(qǐng)求、委婉語(yǔ)氣的疑問(wèn)句和表示希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答的問(wèn)句中，常用some. Could you give me some apples?
any 一些，任何一些。 一般用于疑問(wèn)句中或否定句中和IF 引導(dǎo)的條件句中。
much 許多。修飾不可數(shù)名詞，放在不可數(shù)名詞前，可用a lot of 替換。
too much 太多的，用法相當(dāng)于much ，放在不可數(shù)名詞前。Heath is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of too much rich food.
much too 太，用法相當(dāng)于too, 放在形容詞和副詞前。Keep quiet! It’s much too noisy here.
more than 超過(guò)，多于。=over
more or less 或多或少，差不多。=about
at least 至少
a lot 許多，修飾動(dòng)詞。Thanks a lot.
a lot of = lots of 許多的，可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
a number of 許多的,= many 只用于修飾復(fù)數(shù)形式名詞，放在可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前。
every 用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上，著眼于整體。后可跟數(shù)詞。詞組有every ten minuets
each 用于兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，著眼于個(gè)體。詞組有each of
either 兩個(gè)中任何一個(gè)
either ----or
both 兩個(gè)都
both ---- and ---
both of ---
neither 兩個(gè)中一個(gè)也沒(méi)有 e.g. ---Do you like talking with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone? ---Neither, I enjoy using QQ.
neither --- nor ---
any 三個(gè)以上中任何一個(gè)
all三個(gè)以上中全部
none 三個(gè)以上中一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。 None of ---中沒(méi)有一個(gè)，表示三個(gè)或以上數(shù)目的人或物中沒(méi)有一個(gè)，表否定，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。
others 表示“泛指”除自己外，別的人。Some ----, others -----
the other 表示兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)。One ----, the other ----
the others 表示特指的另一些。
another 后跟單數(shù)名詞。表示泛指另一個(gè)人。后跟帶數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示“再，還要”的意思。
other 別的，另外的，一般后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞或ones , 在other 前可加some, many 或數(shù)詞，表示“幾個(gè)，一些別的”
Such a tall building such an exciting football match
so many people
each other相互，彼此，指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)物時(shí) 。one another 相互，彼此，指三者或三者以上的彼此。one another’s 相互的，彼此的。
數(shù)詞
表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞，數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞;表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。
一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
1)基數(shù)詞寫(xiě)法和讀法： ①百位與十位，用 and, 十位與個(gè)位，寫(xiě)時(shí)用“—”②先確定分節(jié)號(hào)，從右至左，每隔三位數(shù)是一個(gè)分節(jié)號(hào)。③第一個(gè)分節(jié)號(hào)是千位 thousand 4第二個(gè)分節(jié)號(hào)是千位 million ⑤第三個(gè)分號(hào)節(jié)是十億位 billion. 1, 234 ,567, 892 one billion two hundred and thirty-four million five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-two
2)分?jǐn)?shù)表示法 構(gòu)成：分子基，分母序，分子大于1時(shí)，分母在序數(shù)詞后加S： 1/2 a half 1/3 one-third; 2/3 two thirds 3/4 three quarters = three fourths 2- 3/4 two and three fourths
3)表示"年代"，用 in +the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù); in the 1980s (20世紀(jì)80年代)
4)表某人幾歲時(shí): in +物主代詞+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 in one’s twenties
5)He lives in Rom 88. One plus two is three. Three times five is fifteen.
6)hundred , thousand , million 等詞前有具體的數(shù)字時(shí)，不能加S 如 three hundreds 這種說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的
7)hundreds of thousands of millions of
8)a 21-year-old girl three days and a half = three and a half days one and a half hours = one hour and a half we’ll have two weeks’ holiday (two-week holiday)
9)(基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣)
一、二、 三特別記，th從四以上記;怎么加很容易，八減t，九減e; f來(lái)把ve替，見(jiàn)y變ie; 若是遇到幾十幾，變換個(gè)位就可以。
One-first two-second three- third five- fifth eight-eighth nine- ninth twelve – twelfth thirteen- thirteenth fifteen- fifteenth eighteen- eighteenth twenty- twentieth twenty-one---twenty-first thirty-thirtieth forty-fortieth fifty –fiftieth sixty- sixtieth seventy- seventieth eighty-eightieth ninety-ninetieth
序數(shù)詞的縮寫(xiě)形式： first---1st second---2nd thirty-first---31st
形容和副詞
?、傩揎梥omething, anything, everything, anybody等不定代詞的形容詞，形容詞要放在不定代詞之后。I have Something important to tell you.
?、趀nough修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，enough要放在形容詞和副詞之后。Far enough
③interesting, exciting, boring, amazing, surprising, moving 主語(yǔ)為物。Interested, excited, amazed, surprised, frightened, tired, pleased 主語(yǔ)為人。
?、躆uch, far, a lot, a little, even等后要用形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。 I fell even worse now.
5.連系動(dòng)詞be, 感官動(dòng)詞(look, *ell, taste, sound, feel )三個(gè)變(get, become, turn,) keep 后跟形容詞.
?、藜瓤勺餍稳菰~又可作副詞的詞有：
hard 作形容詞=difficult , 作副詞，放在work, rain等后,表努力地做。
well作形容詞身體好; 作副詞，做得好。
long作形容詞，表事物的長(zhǎng)度，作副詞，放在last, talk等后,表動(dòng)作持續(xù)。
Fast 作作形容，放在系動(dòng)詞后，作副詞放在rain, make sth.等詞后，表“做得快”。
High作形容詞“山，海浪的高。作副詞, 放在fly, jump 等后表飛得高，跳得高。
?、呶濉⑿稳菰~變?yōu)楦痹~ ①+ly useful, wide, strong ②改y為i,再加ly healthy , heavy, happy, lucky, noisy, ③good ——well terrible---terribly probable---probably
?、喽鄶?shù)以ly 結(jié)尾的詞是副詞。 但friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, daily, lively 是形容詞。
⑨China is larger than any other county in Asia. (同一范圍內(nèi)) China is larger than any county in Afirca. (不同范圍內(nèi))
?、鈎ow many 對(duì)可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的提問(wèn)。How many people are there in your family?
How much 對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的提問(wèn)和提問(wèn)價(jià)格。
How long 多久，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?；卮鸪Ｓ茫篺or + 段時(shí)間 since +點(diǎn)時(shí)間。
How soon 多快，多久以后?；卮鸪Ｓ茫篿n +段時(shí)間
How often 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次，提問(wèn)頻率?；卮鸪Ｓ茫簅nce (twice) a week, three times a day, often
How far 多遠(yuǎn)，對(duì)距離提問(wèn)。回答常用：fifteen minutes’ walk , 10 meters away
形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：
原級(jí): as +原級(jí) + as ; not as / so +原級(jí) + as =反義詞+than English is as interesting as Chinese. Mr. Zhang isn’t as old as Mr. Li. = Mr. Zhang is younger than Mr. Li.
比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞 ①than, Lily’s bag is bigger than hers.
?、趍uch, far, a little, even , next time
③which / who ---- A, B ? Which is more beautiful, Tom, Jim?
?、躷he +比較級(jí)----,the+比較級(jí)---- The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.
⑤比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) (多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞用more and more +原級(jí)) 越來(lái)越---- harder and harder , our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
最高級(jí)標(biāo)志詞：①the + 最高級(jí) + of / in Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
?、贠ne of the + 最高級(jí) + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) Zhou Jiekun is one of the most popular singers.
③Which / who ----+ 最高級(jí), A, B or C? Who city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Kunming?
?、苄驍?shù)詞+最高級(jí)，表“第幾最----” Chang jiang is the first longest river in China. the second largest population
形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則 (略)
不規(guī)則: good / well --- better--- best bad / badly/ ill ---worse--worst many / much -- more ----most little ---less---least far --- farther(較遠(yuǎn))--- farthest far---further(進(jìn)一步) ----furthest
tired ---more tired ---the most tired (right, tired, glad. pleased. real )
動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài)名稱(chēng)結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)志詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)難點(diǎn)與要點(diǎn)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?am is??are
?there be 結(jié)構(gòu)
?行為動(dòng)詞sometimes, often, usually, always,
every day, once a week am / is / are +done注意第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)情況
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/ is / are +Ving now, look, listen, right now, at the moment,
it's +幾點(diǎn)am/ is/ are +being +done動(dòng)詞ING 形式的構(gòu)成
一般過(guò)去時(shí)?was/ were +表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)
?Ved yesterday, last, ago一家; just now, in the old days, a moment ago,
long ago, ih the 1990swas / were +done注意動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成
一般將來(lái)時(shí)?will/ shall +V原形
?be going to +V原形tomorrow, next year, this year, at the end of this term, from now on,
in the future,
in a few days' time will / shall + be +done
be going to +be +done 注意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成 (與過(guò)去式的區(qū)別)
P255
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was / were +Ving at +具體時(shí)間, at this time., when+一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句was / were +being +done 與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have / has +donealready, yet, just, never, ever,
for, since,
so far 注意瞬間動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的運(yùn)用
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)?would / should +V原形
?was / were going to +V原形賓語(yǔ)從句中,從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生.Would/ should +be +done
be going to +be +done
過(guò)去完成時(shí)had +done by+過(guò)去某一時(shí)點(diǎn);
before + 過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn); by the time +從句; 從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作前發(fā)生Had +been + done
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be +done
注: 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞詳見(jiàn)初三課本的255頁(yè)。
祈使句 祈使句用以表達(dá)命令，要求，請(qǐng)求，勸告等。
1) 祈使句否定在句首加Don't： Don't move. Don't be late.
2) Let’s ------shall we ? let us??him ----- will you / won't you?
感嘆句
How+形容詞或副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它 How lovely the baby is!
What a / an + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它 What a clever boy he is!
What + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它 What wonderful ideas (we have)!
What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它 What cold weather it is!
反意疑問(wèn)句
1) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little, too---to等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ?
2) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)(didn't +主語(yǔ))。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
3) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
4) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
5) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
6) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
7) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況：
a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。
I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she?
8) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
9) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
10) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there?
11) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it? He is not unkind to his clas*ates, is he?
并列句
and 和，并且， work hard, and you can pass the exam.
but 但是 he is rich but he is not happy.
Or 否則，要不然，或者(在否定句中表和) Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
so 因此，所以 Kate was ill so she didn’t go to school.
For 因?yàn)?I have to stay up late, for I have a lot of work to do.
狀語(yǔ)從句
當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞為If, when, before, after, until, as soon as 等，主句和從句有下列情況：
主句從句
①一般將來(lái)時(shí)(主將從現(xiàn))一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)I will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
?、谄硎咕湟话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)
?、酆星閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
?、芤话氵^(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)
英語(yǔ)句子中如果一看到 Thought----but----; because----so---這種結(jié)構(gòu),就是錯(cuò)誤.
倒裝句
so+助動(dòng)詞BE動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+另一主語(yǔ)，表示后者與前者一致。
so+上句主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞BE動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，真的，確實(shí)如此。
Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.
Tom didn’t watch TV last night. Neither did Ann.
---You’ve left the light on. ---So I have. I’ll go and turn it off.
賓語(yǔ)從句
?從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序。
?主句與從句的關(guān)系。
A.主現(xiàn)從不限;
B.主過(guò)從過(guò);
C.真金不怕火煉。The earth moves around the sun.
③常見(jiàn)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
She says that ----
I hope / think / feel / wonder---- I wonder if he will join us in the discussion tonight.
Could you tell / show me--- Could you please tell me where the teacher’s office is?
Do you know---- Do you know where Mr. Li lives?
Please tell me ---
She asked me ---
I don’t know ---- I don’t know whether Tom will go or not.
定語(yǔ)從句
that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。
(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the first book (that) he has read.
(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
一般用that而不用who
(1) 先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。
Who is the girl (that) drove the car? Who (that) broke the window will be punished.
(2) 主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時(shí) 。 There are 200 people (that) didn’t
that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用which而不用that。
(1)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)(介詞提前)。 Those are many trees under (which) they can have a rest.
(2) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 Football , (which) is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
后跟ing 的詞有
Finish doing Before 2008 Beijing we will finish building the Olympic Park.
enjoy doing 喜歡做某事 I enjoy reading English loudly.
mind doing 介意(反對(duì))做某事 would you mind opening the window?
practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事 we should practice speaking English as often as possible.
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
feel like doing sth =want to do sth. 想要做某事
spend --- (in) doing sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事
stop / prevent / keep ----from doing 阻止某人做某事
have trouble problem / a hard time doing sth. 做某事很困難
Have fun doing sth. =have a good time doing sth. 做某事很快樂(lè)
go on doing sth 接著做原來(lái)做著的事
go shopping / swimming/ skating /surfing---
do some running / washing/ cooking ---
介詞(for, with, without, about ---)
今天最后推薦的在線(xiàn)輔導(dǎo)平臺(tái)是專(zhuān)注教育——中小學(xué)網(wǎng)上*輔導(dǎo)，全國(guó)重點(diǎn)中學(xué)名師*家教補(bǔ)家教補(bǔ)習(xí)。
以上就是好上學(xué)為大家?guī)?lái)的初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，初中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納，希望能幫助到廣大考生！ 標(biāo)簽：初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，初中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納??
